COMP 3000 2011 Report: qliu

Part I

Background

PC-BSD is desktop-oriented Unix distribution. The founder of PC-BSD, Kris Moore, with his team developed the 1st version of PC-BSD in early 2005. They are still trying to create a better PC-BSD now. Before PC-BSD project, easy-to-use Unix distribution came to success by widespread use, and Solaris had the largest market share in 2005<ref>PC-BSD Introduction. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction . Retrieved Dec 4, 2011</ref>. The market did not emphasize developing Unix for desktop market and it focuses on the Sever. But in Linux market, there are Linux distributions for desktop, like Ubuntu and Debian <ref name="Comparison of Linux Distribution">Comparison of Linux Distribution. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Linux_distributions . Retrieved Dec 4, 2011</ref>. Kris wanted to create a more user-friendly Unix for desktop user. This Operating System is little configuration necessary, full-featured, free-of-charge, open-source based on FreeBSD and anybody, from the beginner to the advanced user, could use this OS easily.

The distribution I used is PC-BSD HUBBLE, version 8.2, which could be downloaded from here. There are 32-bit and 64-bit versions available. The latest release is PC-BSD ISOTOPE<ref>PC-BSD ISOTOPE http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>, version 9. The HUBBLE version is about 3.6GB.

This PC-BSD bases on FreeBSD with BSD license. PC-BSD pre-configures [KDE] desktop environment, and uses graphic installer and some other handy tools or pre-installed packages for better desktop experiences. Its heritage is FreeBSD, while FreeBSD focuses on server use.

Installation/Startup

Environment: Mac OX Lion as host and Parallels Desktop as virtual machine.

1.Download "PCBSD8.2-x86-DVD.iso". Create a new virtual machine with Parallels Desktop. Continue and choose "other Linux".

2. When loading the image, there are several options for choosing to install the PC-BSD in different way as show in picture below. I choose "Boot installer [default]", which will start program with all standard options enabled. More information about PC-BSD installation options can be found here.<ref>Starting the PC-BSD Installation http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Starting_the_PC-BSD_Installation. Retrieved Dec4, 2011</ref> The whole installation does not required network access, and all it need is just installing pre-configured files from the ISO image.

3. After few seconds, it will jump into a graphic configuration view. I can set up Language, Keyboard, System, Disk, Users, Time, Components, and Summary. After these configurations, it will start installation. This will take about 25-30 minutes. It is not a short time. Its size is about 3.5GB, so the time is acceptable.

4.After a long waiting, the installation finished and the system reboot virtual machine. Enter username and password, and then PC-BSD is ready to use.

Problem: When I first install this Linux, after finishing installation, the system cannot be rebooted and stopped with “SCSI controller is not installed”. Solution: I changed the configuration in the virtual machine, change the disk place from IDE 0:0 to IDE 1:0. Re-install the system, and it worked. The real issue is unknown. But it is not the SCSI problem.

There is no other issues influenced the installation. The UI of PC-BSD is friendly. It looks like other graphical Linux, such as Ubuntu Linux. PC-BSD has some system management tools, Konsole terminal, pre-installed applications and others software which can cut our command-based operations.

Basic Operation

Get system log information:

1. For command-based Linux, the following command is needed.

  cd /var/logs	

View common log file /var/log/messages using any one of the following command:

  tail -f /var/log/messages
  less /var/log/messages
  more -f /var/log/messages
  vi /var/log/messages

2. For PC-BSD desktop operation:

2.1 Left hand side of tool bar, Application Launcher -> Application -> System -> System Log Viewer.

2.2 When open it, it will ask for "root" permission. Enter the password the logging information will be displayed.

2.3 Or you can simply search "log" at the Application Launcher search bar. It will display log application for you to choose. In my case, it display: Login Manager Settings(KDM), Login Screen, Blogin, KSystemLog (System Log Viewer), KAtomic, KBlackBox.

For Unix beginner or someone who forget the exact command to do some operations in Unix, the graphical interface will be a great help. There is no need to know where is log files and what's the command to see this log files. So this Unix is good for desktop users, who can just use some simple mouse click to complete some system changes. And they do not need to know which specified command to change settings or do some operation in the system. As we know, there are many commands in Unix with specified rulers. It needs lots of time to familiar with these commands. But with PC-BSD, the life with Unix will be much more simple and easy use.

Another example: if we want to create new folder in command-based Linux, we can "cd" to desired directory and "mkdir" a new folder with new name. But if we want to do the same operation in PC-BSD, we go to desired folder by mouse clicks and right-click the empty place and create one new folder. The command is not needed.

Usage Evaluation

PC-BSD’s goal is to design a system that everybody can easy use it. It include these features:

1. Easy installation
2. Automatically configure hardware: pre-configuration in the first system start-up
3. Intuitive desktop interface: latest stable version of KDE desktop environment
4. Easy software management: software to manage all kinds of setting
5. Easy to update: like windows, has update manager to keep system updated
6. Visually attractive
7. Architecture support: i386 or x64 supported
8. Laptop support: power saving, wireless connection, swap space encryption
9. Secure environment: PF firewall, brute-force attack protection
10. Binary compatibility: can run different kinds of software, Linux or Windows
11. Easy system administration: graphical tools

This Unix System actually simply our life with Unix. Graphical tools can do most of the tasks. PC-BSD organizes different features like Windows, which most of the people are familiar with.

The menu can show "Favorites" application which was used most frequently，Applications (All kinds of software, such as for Development, Game, and Education), Computer (Management tools of this computer/ system), Recently Used and power button. They are all quite similar to Windows, which can make people understand easily how to do something in PC-BSD. PC-BSD is very compatible with different kinds of application in Unix, but it can also compatible with some Windows software through Compatibility Layer. There is clipboard management software just in the bottom tool bar. It is for manage what have been copy or paste or cut. We can see the history of what we have copy / cut and retrieve required information. Windows has clipboard also, but it is not so clearly to show at tool bar.

But there is a bit slow when running with PC-BSD, the operations do not seems so smooth. Booting the system need more than 1 minute, that is not expected in Linux system. It has large visual elements, but it may sacrifices some speed of system.

After all, PC-BSD is free of charge and has so many features, more secure than Windows-based, compatible with most Unix software and some Windows software, hard drivers or partitions don’t need to be defragmented, greater control over system than in Windows.

It has benefit of Unix and Windows, and do not have some drawbacks of Windows, such as security problem and defragment. It is a very good system for general people and advanced users.

References

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