Soma-notes - User contributions [en]

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:57:59Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
- OPen Office : After downloading OPen office 3.2.1 application,Eveytime I am to initialize it, I have to to pick either of the following desktop applications word processor,spreadsheet,presentation manager and drawing manager to work with.
UNfirtunately,the network has no status carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os. I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was also able to get files online similar to what mine looked like:

Example of Spreadsheet

[[File:screenshot1.jpg]]

To the left of the diagram you see various desktop application options

[[File:options1.jpg]]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot from Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the os wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:54:42Z

Todetoyi: /* Usage Evaluation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
- OPen Office : After downloading OPen office 3.2.1 application, I had the option to choose pick word processor,spreadsheet,presentation manager and drawing manager. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os. I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was also able to get files online similar to what mine looked like:

Example of Spreadsheet

[[File:screenshot1.jpg]]

To the left of the diagram you see various desktop application options

[[File:options1.jpg]]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot from Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the os wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:54:19Z

Todetoyi: /* Usage Evaluation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
- OPen Office : After downloading OPen office 3.2.1 application, I had the option to choose pick word processor,spreadsheet,presentation manager and drawing manager. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os. I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was also able to get files online similar to what mine looked like:

Example of Spreadsheet

[[File:screenshot1.jpg]]

To the left of the diagram you see various desktop application options

[[File:options1.jpg]]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot from Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:53:44Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
- OPen Office : After downloading OPen office 3.2.1 application, I had the option to choose pick word processor,spreadsheet,presentation manager and drawing manager. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os. I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was also able to get files online similar to what mine looked like:

Example of Spreadsheet

[[File:screenshot1.jpg]]

To the left of the diagram you see various desktop application options

[[File:options1.jpg]]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

File:Options1.jpg

2011-12-20T00:53:16Z

Todetoyi:

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:53:06Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
- OPen Office : After downloading OPen office 3.2.1 application, I had the option to choose pick word processor,spreadsheet,presentation manager and drawing manager. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os. I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was also able to get files online similar to what mine looked like:

Example of Spreadsheet

[[File:screenshot1.jpg]]

To the left of the diagram you see various desktop application options

[[File:options1.jpg]]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:52:05Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
- OPen Office : After downloading OPen office 3.2.1 application, I had the option to choose pick word processor,spreadsheet,presentation manager and drawing manager. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os. I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was also able to get files online similar to what mine looked like:

Example of Spreadsheet
[[File:screenshot1.jpg]]

[[File:options1.jpg]]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

File:Options.jpg

2011-12-20T00:50:45Z

Todetoyi:

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:50:28Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
- OPen Office : After downloading OPen office 3.2.1 application, I had the option to choose pick word processor,spreadsheet,presentation manager and drawing manager. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os. I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was also able to get files online similar to what mine looked like:

Example of Spreadsheet
[[File:screenshot1.jpg]]
[[File:options.jpg]]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:50:04Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
- OPen Office : After downloading OPen office 3.2.1 application, I had the option to choose pick word processor,spreadsheet,presentation manager and drawing manager. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os. I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was also able to get files online similar to what mine looked like:

Example of Spreadsheet
[[File:screenshot1.jpg]]
[[File:Example.jpg]]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:45:15Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os. I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was also able to get files online similar to what mine looked like:

[[File:screenshot1.jpg]]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

File:Screenshot.jpg

2011-12-20T00:43:12Z

Todetoyi:

File:Screenshot1.jpg

2011-12-20T00:41:29Z

Todetoyi:

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:40:18Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os.
but I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was able to get links of pages that show some download processes :

[[File:Examplgre.jpg]]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:40:00Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os.
but I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was able to get links of pages that show some download processes :

[[File:Example.jpg]]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:38:31Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa,it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os.
but I hope this is a good enough written description.
I was able to get links of pages that show some download processes :

[[file:///C:/Users/todetoyi/Desktop/openoffice.htm PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:29:35Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os, but these are links that show what the open office set up looks like
but I hope this is a good enough description written explanation.
I was able to get links of pages that show some download processes :

[[file:///C:/Users/todetoyi/Desktop/openoffice.htm PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:27:40Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os, but these are links that show what the open office set up looks like
but I hope this is a good enough description written explanation.
I was able to get links of pages that show some download processes :
[http:file:///C:/Users/todetoyi/Desktop/openoffice.htm PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:26:14Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os, but these are links that show what the open office set up looks like
but I hope this is a good enough description written explanation.
I was able to get links of pages that show some download processes :
[file:///C:/Users/todetoyi/Desktop/openoffice.htm PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:24:56Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os, but these are links that show what the open office set up looks like
but I hope this is a good enough description written explanation.
I was able to get links of pages that show some download processes :
[file:///C:/Users/todetoyi/Desktop/openoffice.htm PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]
[http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:21:54Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures directly from my os, but these are links that show what the open office set up looks like
but I hope this is a good enough description written explanation.

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:13:19Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USB, so I could not show the pictures but I hope this is a good enough description written explanation.

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:12:44Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files : Open office <ref> Open Office downloadable Utility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/pbi/65/openoffice Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and Warden <ref>Warden Downloadable untility. http://www.pbidir.com/bt/category/Inmates Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>None working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USBs so I could not show the pictures but I hope this is a good enough description written explanation.

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:08:55Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically try different tricks without messing anything up, this way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the main os itself and also become more acquainted with it.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files. Open office and Warden.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>NOn working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USBs so I could not show the pictures but I hope this is a good enough description written explanation.

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:05:49Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically commit errors and not be punished for it, so that way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the Os itself.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files. Open office and Warden.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>NOn working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USBs so I could not show the pictures but I hope this is a good enough description written explanation.

3)It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:04:49Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically commit errors and not be punished for it, so that way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the Os itself.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in addition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.
If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory. Which shows that port jail is only similar but not necessarily the same as some command lines are different

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files. Open office and Warden.
I will explain more on the open office download process.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>NOn working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USBs so I could not show the pictures but I hope this was a godd enough description with my explanation.

It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-20T00:03:05Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically commit errors and not be punished for it, so that way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the Os itself.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in adddition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.

If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files. Open office and Warden, will explain more on the open office.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. The network has no carrier so I can not connect to the internet because it does not recognize my driver <ref>NOn working wireless driver. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Wireless_Testing Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref> and this os does not recognize USBs so I could not show the pictures but I hope this was a godd enough description with my explanation.

It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-19T23:28:20Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically commit errors and not be punished for it, so that way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the Os itself.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. I tried an example in accessing the rc directory using port jail and the main console. For PortJail I wrote the following command: cd /etc, cd rc.d, ls. This displayed the files that run in the system in adddition to other files.
using the main console, I used this command : cd /usr/local/etc, cd rc.d, ls.

If you try the command line for portjail in the main console or vice versa it returns an error of no such file or directory.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files. Open office and Warden, will explain more on the open office.
After downloading the OPenoffice 3.2.1 application, I had the option of open a database page, office page, text page. These are the diagrams to show what I mean

It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-19T22:51:46Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically commit errors and not be punished for it, so that way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the Os itself.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. Here is an example in diagram, This examples shows the output on accessing /etc/rc.conf directory.

[[File:17.jpg]]

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files.

Even further I downloaded to OPenoffice application. These are the diagrams to show what I mean

It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-19T22:42:42Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically commit errors and not be punished for it, so that way you know what to do or what not to do in order to avoid crashing the Os itself.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
A portjail which is basically a terminal works just similar to the main pcbsd console. Here is an example in diagram, This examples shows the output on accessing /etc/rc.conf directory.

[[File:17.jpg]]

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files.

Even further I downloaded to OPenoffice application. These are the diagrams to show what I mean

This is the psbsd user handbook readily available for use

It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-19T22:31:26Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about portjail and software manager because they are the main task operators.

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically commit errors and not be punished for it, so that way you know what to do or what not to do in order to aviod crashing the Os itself.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.

2)Software manager or PBI, from here you can download any available software and update the system as well. I tried downloading two files.

Even further I downloaded to OPenoffice application. These are the diagrams to show what I mean

This is the psbsd user handbook readily available for use

[[File:17.jpg]]

It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-19T22:17:58Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about three of the basic tasks, being portjail and software manager

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically commit errors and not be punished for it, so that way you know what to do or what not to do in order to aviod crashing the Os itself.
A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system<ref>Port Jail Definition. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Ports_Jail Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.

This is the psbsd user handbook readily available for use

[[File:17.jpg]]

It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-19T22:16:56Z

Todetoyi: /* Basic Operation */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os comes with a list of common tasks or basic operations. I will talk about three of the basic tasks, being portjail and software manager

1) Portjail provides an environment for users who are new to pcbsd packages and ports to learn how to use the software management command tools without affecting the other installed softwares.This is a cool application because you can basically commit errors and not be punished for it, so that way you know what to do or what not to do in order to aviod crashing the Os itself. A jail is a type of virtual environment where anything that occurs inside the jail does not affect the rest of the operating system.

This is the psbsd user handbook readily available for use

[[File:17.jpg]]

It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-19T22:07:44Z

Todetoyi: /* BACKGROUND */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Introduction to PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• It was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 version can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give stp by step instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os does come with a choice of desktop environment. With easy access to the pcbsd handbook pdf file on the desktop. It apparently is preconfigured to heve an Appcafe on the desktop screen which I didn’t seem to have with this installation. This is what was on the desktop.

[[File:16.jpg]]

This is the psbsd user handbook readily available for use

[[File:17.jpg]]

It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-19T22:04:21Z

Todetoyi: /* Part I */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
.PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although pcbsd is originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• pcbsd was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os does come with a choice of desktop environment. With easy access to the pcbsd handbook pdf file on the desktop. It apparently is preconfigured to heve an Appcafe on the desktop screen which I didn’t seem to have with this installation. This is what was on the desktop.

[[File:16.jpg]]

This is the psbsd user handbook readily available for use

[[File:17.jpg]]

It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

== References ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report:PC-BSD

2011-12-19T22:02:52Z

Todetoyi: /* BACKGROUND */

= Part I =

== '''BACKGROUND''' ==

I will be working on the PCBSD operating system, a free operating system usable by anyone.This distribution was originally founded in 2005 by Kris Moore.PCBSD is a customized edition of free bsd, which is basically still a functional freeBsd system under the hood. PcBsd is therefore a pre-configured freeBsd with a graphical installer,graphical package management,pre-installed packages and some handy graphical utilities .<ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Introduction Retrieved Dec 19, 2011.</ref>.
.PcBSd comes configured so all you have to do is install. Although pcbsd is originally a freebsd, there are still a few differences such as:

• pcbsd was created for desktop use while freebsd was created with server use in mind.

• You can connect digital camera or usb sticks automatically because it is preconfigured.

• It is installed by a graphical installer and not a text based installer. etc

The main goals of pcbsd are:

• Easy installation, insert installation media, reboot system and answer a couple of questions.

• Video,sound,network and other devices are automatically configured.

• It is easy to manage software with pcbsd’s Appcafe.

• PCBSD is virus free

• Pcbsd supports a number of languages, ex japanese.The system has an installed japanese game in it. To name a few of the goals.

PCBSD is currently backed by iXsystems and derived from Bsd Unix. This PC-BSD 9.0BETA2 can be downlaoded here: [http://www.pcbsd.org/get-it/download-pc-bsd-isotope#isotope PC-BSD 9.0 BETA2]. I downloaded USBlite 64 bits with a size of 3.0GB. I will therefore give instructions on how to download using USBlite 64-BIT.

== '''Installation/Startup''' ==

I had problems downloading the OS directly with my laptop, there was always an error in the download process so after downloading through winzip, it downloaded as a “.tar” file instead of a “.img”. After about 2days of trying, I eventually downloaded through a desktop and transferred to a usb and that did the trick. Also, I tried to download DVD 64-Bit using poweriso , [http://www.poweriso.com/download.htm PowerIso] is meant to act like a real dvd(or a susbstitute for real dvds), in which burn disc, create bootable usb drive, etc. But this wasn’t recognised by pcBsd, so if you are going to download using DVD bit, I recommend you get a real dvd. The link to power iso is up there, look at it, its pretty neat.
The basic steps were.

1. Go to website and pick an option from the the download options
(in my case USBiIte 64-Bit). Save file wherever you want to and Download, this takes between 2-3hours.

[[File:pcbsd.jpg]]

2. After downloading, transfer your downloaded file in a usb. Then transfer to your laptop.

3. You need a zip utility for the next step, [http://www.winzip.com/index.htm?sc_cid=go_ca_b_search_wz_brand winzip] or 7zip. Transfer the downloaded file onto your laptop from the usb, then zip the file using either winzip or 7zip. It should look like this.

[[File:zi.jpg]]

4. You would also have to format you usb (it is also adviseable to use a free usb,because when formatting all data will be erased),Make sure you have atleast a 4gb usb for this. Go to my computer, right click on the usb drive of your choice, click the format option, and under filesystem, ensure it is FAT32.

Here are a few images to help you

[[File:1s.jpg]]

[[File:2s.jpg]]

[[File:3.jpg]]

[[File:4.jpg]]

5. Download [https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer win32-image-writer], ensure you download the version that ends in –binary.zip. After which you use winzip or 7zip to unzip the program. Open the image writer, select the zip folder you saved it in, select the formatted usb device then click on write to write to the formatted usb.

6. After which you reboot your system, depending on the system, press,ESC,F1 or F2 to get into your BIOS setting. When you are in Bios setting, go to to Boot section, the system should recognize your usb as an external device, if your usb is not recognized then you should probably try downloading again. Click enter to make external drive the boot's priority, so every time you restart your system and the usb is connected to the laptop, it automatically starts PC-BSD from the formatted USB.

7. After which you should get a screen like this. I selected option 3 to boot in Live mode.

[[File:5.jpg]]

8. The rest should be, a breeze from here.

== '''Basic Operation''' ==
The os does come with a choice of desktop environment. With easy access to the pcbsd handbook pdf file on the desktop. It apparently is preconfigured to heve an Appcafe on the desktop screen which I didn’t seem to have with this installation. This is what was on the desktop.

[[File:16.jpg]]

This is the psbsd user handbook readily available for use

[[File:17.jpg]]

It also has an education section which I found interesting, with options such as math and language available.

==''' Usage Evaluation''' ==

1.) Installing and download was not as easy as claimed.

2.) It takes between 4-5mins for the os to boot using Live mode.

3.) I am yet to find the control panel, or maybe it is saved as system settings. Although the wiki page specifically said the os has a control panel.

4.) It does take some getting used to, but looks like a more fun and stress free os to use once you get used to it.

5.) It is Virus free, that’s a plus.

6.) The network configuration although complicated is quite handy.

7.) It doesn't give the option to shut down directly, so you would have to first reboot the system, switch to a different os then shut down.

8.) I kept getting a command screen each time I ask the system to restart.So I apparently have to type reboot or exit on the command page in order to actually leave the page,
this is a flaw on its own because you basically need to reboot the system twice in two different before it eventually reboots .

9.) The PCBSd handbook has instructions on any question or issue. Well scripted handbook.

This is a different, distribution from what I am used to but worth the time and effort.

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T12:08:53Z

Todetoyi: /* Initialization */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses a wide variety of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less" to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look back and forth in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Packages can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Packages can be deleted by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized in alphabetical order of package categories as in the following picture:

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for a desktop user, and is equipped with a utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages. In this utility, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, as in the following picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give the user a simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also very useful in finding desired software and installing them effortlessly, by clicking a specific link. Removing a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is also a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

Following the user's decision, the software can be downloaded by clicking the download link. After which it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under the "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many possible selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

The fact that there is a vast majority of packages to choose from is a great advantage. A part of the catalog information can be seen in the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through the Internet. Here are version numbers, release dates, and upstream sources of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use while FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but some differences still exist. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just used the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that are in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters such as: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again Shell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD strives to give users a better experience in desktop environments like Windows or Mac OS. Also, multi-thread is required.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system needs to manage Linux packages. It is consistent with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind the latest version is that it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Majority of Unix/Linux distributions make use of this, such as PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interactions with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD requires quality GUI and Utilities to ensure users have a pleasant desktop experience, therefore, KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy way to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD uses KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD wants to provide service for daily users. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When we check the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed. FFserver runs in daemon mode by default, meaning it outs itself in the background and detaches from its TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n. This enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate. It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, with its API library as the key feature. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to YES to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON and it starts the system scripts. It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence. It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs and before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers. It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine. Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device so that in order to disable, one would just take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system. It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during the boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - Netatalk is a freely-availabe open source AFP fileserver package thats helps deal with the Appletalk protocol suite and its relatives. It can perform file and print sharing for macintosh. It comes with small utilities that help ease dealing with macintosh files from unix. To start netatalk from boot time, add these lines<ref>Initilization Netatalk in PC-BSD. http://openports.se/net/netatalk </ref>./etc/rc.local:

if [ -f ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk ]; then
. ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk
fi
It runs after DAEMON, and it implements the following major utilities while on booting :
1)atalkd - an implementation of the AppleTalk protocol <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
2) papd - a print server that enables macintosh computers to access printers that are connected to unix servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
3) afpd - File server that implements the Apple filing protocol, which allows clients the run MasOs to access unix file servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.

Other less important utilities it implements are cnid_metad, timelord .
It is an appletalk daemon whose data structures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes. One must also make sure that atalkd has not started in the background before it starts running.

* '''Snddetect''' - Runs after DAEMON, and detects sound. It first removes sound flag then detects an unknown sound card.

* '''Wacom''' - Runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or removes the configuration settings. It is an input device driver for wacom devices, and it functions as a pointer input device. It is useful to define multiple devices with diferent active zones. Various entries are supported by wacom, but the most important entry or the most general entry is the OPtion "Type" entry. This entry sets the type of tool the device represents, which could be stylus, eraser, cursor, pad or touch. Note that the tool can represent more than one device. There are other options that come with wacom for pcbsd such as "device", "forceDrive", "suppress" etc, depending on what tool we are looking at.

'''End of Initialization'''

The initialization of PC-BSD is complete after all the thirty two shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been initialized. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is a loop which reads through and runs all the startup scripts. Initialization is complete when the loop is over. Then all the processes start running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T11:57:18Z

Todetoyi: /* Major package versions */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses a wide variety of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less" to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look back and forth in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Packages can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Packages can be deleted by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized in alphabetical order of package categories as in the following picture:

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for a desktop user, and is equipped with a utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages. In this utility, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, as in the following picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give the user a simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also very useful in finding desired software and installing them effortlessly, by clicking a specific link. Removing a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is also a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

Following the user's decision, the software can be downloaded by clicking the download link. After which it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under the "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many possible selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

The fact that there is a vast majority of packages to choose from is a great advantage. A part of the catalog information can be seen in the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through the Internet. Here are version numbers, release dates, and upstream sources of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use while FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but some differences still exist. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just used the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that are in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters such as: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again Shell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD strives to give users a better experience in desktop environments like Windows or Mac OS. Also, multi-thread is required.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system needs to manage Linux packages. It is consistent with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind the latest version is that it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Majority of Unix/Linux distributions make use of this, such as PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interactions with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD requires quality GUI and Utilities to ensure users have a pleasant desktop experience, therefore, KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy way to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD uses KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD wants to provide service for daily users. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - Netatalk is a freely-availabe open source AFP fileserver package thats helps deal with the Appletalk protocol suite and its relative. It can do file and print sharing for macintosh.It comes with small utilities that help ease dealing with macintosh files from unix. To start netatalk from boot time add these lines<ref>Initilization Netatalk in PC-BSD. http://openports.se/net/netatalk </ref>./etc/rc.local:

if [ -f ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk ]; then
. ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk
fi
It runs after DAEMON, and it implements the following major utilities while on booting :
1)atalkd - an implementation of the AppleTalk protocol <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
2) papd - a print server that eneables macintosh computers to access printers that are connected to unix servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
3) afpd - File server that implements the Apple filing protocol, which allows clients the run MasOs to access unix file servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.

Other not so major untilities it implements are cnid_metad, timelord .
It is an appletalk daemon whose data structures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes. You also make sure that atalkd has not started in the background before it starts running.

* '''Snddetect''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects an unknown sound card.

* '''Wacom''' - Runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.Is is an input device driver for wacom devices, it functions as a pointer input device. It is useful to define multiplke devices with diferent active zones various entries are supported by wacom but the most important entry or the most general entry is the OPtion "Type" entry because it sets the type of tool the device represents, which could be stylus,eraser,cursor,pad or touch.Note the tool can represent more than one device. There are other options that come with wacom for pcbsd such as "device", "forceDrive","suppress" etc, it only depends on what tool we are looking at.

'''End of Initialization'''

The initialization of PC-BSD is complete after all the thirty two shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been initialized. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop which reads through and runs all the startup scripts. Initialization is complete when the loop is over. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T11:42:40Z

Todetoyi: /* Software Management */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses a wide variety of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less" to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look back and forth in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Packages can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Packages can be deleted by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized in alphabetical order of package categories as in the following picture:

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for a desktop user, and is equipped with a utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages. In this utility, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, as in the following picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give the user a simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also very useful in finding desired software and installing them effortlessly, by clicking a specific link. Removing a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is also a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

Following the user's decision, the software can be downloaded by clicking the download link. After which it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under the "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many possible selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

The fact that there is a vast majority of packages to choose from is a great advantage. A part of the catalog information can be seen in the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - Netatalk is a freely-availabe open source AFP fileserver package thats helps deal with the Appletalk protocol suite and its relative. It can do file and print sharing for macintosh.It comes with small utilities that help ease dealing with macintosh files from unix. To start netatalk from boot time add these lines<ref>Initilization Netatalk in PC-BSD. http://openports.se/net/netatalk </ref>./etc/rc.local:

if [ -f ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk ]; then
. ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk
fi
It runs after DAEMON, and it implements the following major utilities while on booting :
1)atalkd - an implementation of the AppleTalk protocol <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
2) papd - a print server that eneables macintosh computers to access printers that are connected to unix servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
3) afpd - File server that implements the Apple filing protocol, which allows clients the run MasOs to access unix file servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.

Other not so major untilities it implements are cnid_metad, timelord .
It is an appletalk daemon whose data structures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes. You also make sure that atalkd has not started in the background before it starts running.

* '''Snddetect''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects an unknown sound card.

* '''Wacom''' - Runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.Is is an input device driver for wacom devices, it functions as a pointer input device. It is useful to define multiplke devices with diferent active zones various entries are supported by wacom but the most important entry or the most general entry is the OPtion "Type" entry because it sets the type of tool the device represents, which could be stylus,eraser,cursor,pad or touch.Note the tool can represent more than one device. There are other options that come with wacom for pcbsd such as "device", "forceDrive","suppress" etc, it only depends on what tool we are looking at.

'''End of Initialization'''

The initialization of PC-BSD is complete after all the thirty two shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been initialized. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop which reads through and runs all the startup scripts. Initialization is complete when the loop is over. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T11:35:56Z

Todetoyi: /* Software Catelog */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses a wide variety of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less" to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look back and forth in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Packages can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Packages can be deleted by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized in alphabetical order of package categories as in the following picture:

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for desktop user, and there is utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, like this picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give user simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also a very useful utility to find desired software and install them by clicking a specific link. Remove a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

After made decision, it can downloaded the software by clicking the download link. And it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

There are many packages to choose, part of catalog information can be seen from the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - Netatalk is a freely-availabe open source AFP fileserver package thats helps deal with the Appletalk protocol suite and its relative. It can do file and print sharing for macintosh.It comes with small utilities that help ease dealing with macintosh files from unix. To start netatalk from boot time add these lines<ref>Initilization Netatalk in PC-BSD. http://openports.se/net/netatalk </ref>./etc/rc.local:

if [ -f ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk ]; then
. ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk
fi
It runs after DAEMON, and it implements the following major utilities while on booting :
1)atalkd - an implementation of the AppleTalk protocol <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
2) papd - a print server that eneables macintosh computers to access printers that are connected to unix servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
3) afpd - File server that implements the Apple filing protocol, which allows clients the run MasOs to access unix file servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.

Other not so major untilities it implements are cnid_metad, timelord .
It is an appletalk daemon whose data structures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes. You also make sure that atalkd has not started in the background before it starts running.

* '''Snddetect''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects an unknown sound card.

* '''Wacom''' - Runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.Is is an input device driver for wacom devices, it functions as a pointer input device. It is useful to define multiplke devices with diferent active zones various entries are supported by wacom but the most important entry or the most general entry is the OPtion "Type" entry because it sets the type of tool the device represents, which could be stylus,eraser,cursor,pad or touch.Note the tool can represent more than one device. There are other options that come with wacom for pcbsd such as "device", "forceDrive","suppress" etc, it only depends on what tool we are looking at.

'''End of Initialization'''

The initialization of PC-BSD is complete after all the thirty two shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been initialized. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop which reads through and runs all the startup scripts. Initialization is complete when the loop is over. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T11:34:38Z

Todetoyi: /* Add and Remove Packages */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses a wide variety of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less" to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look back and forth in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Packages can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Packages can be deleted by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized by alphabet of package categories like the following picture.

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for desktop user, and there is utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, like this picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give user simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also a very useful utility to find desired software and install them by clicking a specific link. Remove a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

After made decision, it can downloaded the software by clicking the download link. And it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

There are many packages to choose, part of catalog information can be seen from the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - Netatalk is a freely-availabe open source AFP fileserver package thats helps deal with the Appletalk protocol suite and its relative. It can do file and print sharing for macintosh.It comes with small utilities that help ease dealing with macintosh files from unix. To start netatalk from boot time add these lines<ref>Initilization Netatalk in PC-BSD. http://openports.se/net/netatalk </ref>./etc/rc.local:

if [ -f ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk ]; then
. ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk
fi
It runs after DAEMON, and it implements the following major utilities while on booting :
1)atalkd - an implementation of the AppleTalk protocol <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
2) papd - a print server that eneables macintosh computers to access printers that are connected to unix servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
3) afpd - File server that implements the Apple filing protocol, which allows clients the run MasOs to access unix file servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.

Other not so major untilities it implements are cnid_metad, timelord .
It is an appletalk daemon whose data structures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes. You also make sure that atalkd has not started in the background before it starts running.

* '''Snddetect''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects an unknown sound card.

* '''Wacom''' - Runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.Is is an input device driver for wacom devices, it functions as a pointer input device. It is useful to define multiplke devices with diferent active zones various entries are supported by wacom but the most important entry or the most general entry is the OPtion "Type" entry because it sets the type of tool the device represents, which could be stylus,eraser,cursor,pad or touch.Note the tool can represent more than one device. There are other options that come with wacom for pcbsd such as "device", "forceDrive","suppress" etc, it only depends on what tool we are looking at.

'''End of Initialization'''

The initialization of PC-BSD is complete after all the thirty two shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been initialized. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop which reads through and runs all the startup scripts. Initialization is complete when the loop is over. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T11:33:51Z

Todetoyi: /* List Installed Packages */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses a wide variety of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less" to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look back and forth in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Package can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Package can be delete by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized by alphabet of package categories like the following picture.

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for desktop user, and there is utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, like this picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give user simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also a very useful utility to find desired software and install them by clicking a specific link. Remove a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

After made decision, it can downloaded the software by clicking the download link. And it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

There are many packages to choose, part of catalog information can be seen from the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - Netatalk is a freely-availabe open source AFP fileserver package thats helps deal with the Appletalk protocol suite and its relative. It can do file and print sharing for macintosh.It comes with small utilities that help ease dealing with macintosh files from unix. To start netatalk from boot time add these lines<ref>Initilization Netatalk in PC-BSD. http://openports.se/net/netatalk </ref>./etc/rc.local:

if [ -f ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk ]; then
. ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk
fi
It runs after DAEMON, and it implements the following major utilities while on booting :
1)atalkd - an implementation of the AppleTalk protocol <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
2) papd - a print server that eneables macintosh computers to access printers that are connected to unix servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
3) afpd - File server that implements the Apple filing protocol, which allows clients the run MasOs to access unix file servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.

Other not so major untilities it implements are cnid_metad, timelord .
It is an appletalk daemon whose data structures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes. You also make sure that atalkd has not started in the background before it starts running.

* '''Snddetect''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects an unknown sound card.

* '''Wacom''' - Runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.Is is an input device driver for wacom devices, it functions as a pointer input device. It is useful to define multiplke devices with diferent active zones various entries are supported by wacom but the most important entry or the most general entry is the OPtion "Type" entry because it sets the type of tool the device represents, which could be stylus,eraser,cursor,pad or touch.Note the tool can represent more than one device. There are other options that come with wacom for pcbsd such as "device", "forceDrive","suppress" etc, it only depends on what tool we are looking at.

'''End of Initialization'''

The initialization of PC-BSD is complete after all the thirty two shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been initialized. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop which reads through and runs all the startup scripts. Initialization is complete when the loop is over. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T11:32:06Z

Todetoyi: /* Package Format and Utilities */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses a wide variety of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less"to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look forward or backward in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Package can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Package can be delete by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized by alphabet of package categories like the following picture.

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for desktop user, and there is utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, like this picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give user simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also a very useful utility to find desired software and install them by clicking a specific link. Remove a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

After made decision, it can downloaded the software by clicking the download link. And it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

There are many packages to choose, part of catalog information can be seen from the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - Netatalk is a freely-availabe open source AFP fileserver package thats helps deal with the Appletalk protocol suite and its relative. It can do file and print sharing for macintosh.It comes with small utilities that help ease dealing with macintosh files from unix. To start netatalk from boot time add these lines<ref>Initilization Netatalk in PC-BSD. http://openports.se/net/netatalk </ref>./etc/rc.local:

if [ -f ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk ]; then
. ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk
fi
It runs after DAEMON, and it implements the following major utilities while on booting :
1)atalkd - an implementation of the AppleTalk protocol <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
2) papd - a print server that eneables macintosh computers to access printers that are connected to unix servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
3) afpd - File server that implements the Apple filing protocol, which allows clients the run MasOs to access unix file servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.

Other not so major untilities it implements are cnid_metad, timelord .
It is an appletalk daemon whose data structures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes. You also make sure that atalkd has not started in the background before it starts running.

* '''Snddetect''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects an unknown sound card.

* '''Wacom''' - Runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.Is is an input device driver for wacom devices, it functions as a pointer input device. It is useful to define multiplke devices with diferent active zones various entries are supported by wacom but the most important entry or the most general entry is the OPtion "Type" entry because it sets the type of tool the device represents, which could be stylus,eraser,cursor,pad or touch.Note the tool can represent more than one device. There are other options that come with wacom for pcbsd such as "device", "forceDrive","suppress" etc, it only depends on what tool we are looking at.

'''End of Initialization'''

The initialization of PC-BSD is complete after all the thirty two shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been initialized. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop which reads through and runs all the startup scripts. Initialization is complete when the loop is over. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T01:42:43Z

Todetoyi: /* Initialization */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses lots of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less"to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look forward or backward in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Package can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Package can be delete by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized by alphabet of package categories like the following picture.

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for desktop user, and there is utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, like this picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give user simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also a very useful utility to find desired software and install them by clicking a specific link. Remove a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

After made decision, it can downloaded the software by clicking the download link. And it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

There are many packages to choose, part of catalog information can be seen from the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - Netatalk is a freely-availabe open source AFP fileserver package thats helps deal with the Appletalk protocol suite and its relative. It can do file and print sharing for macintosh.It comes with small utilities that help ease dealing with macintosh files from unix. To start netatalk from boot time add these lines<ref>Initilization Netatalk in PC-BSD. http://openports.se/net/netatalk </ref>./etc/rc.local:

if [ -f ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk ]; then
. ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk
fi
It runs after DAEMON, and it implements the following major utilities while on booting :
1)atalkd - an implementation of the AppleTalk protocol <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
2) papd - a print server that eneables macintosh computers to access printers that are connected to unix servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
3) afpd - File server that implements the Apple filing protocol, which allows clients the run MasOs to access unix file servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.

Other not so major untilities it implements are cnid_metad, timelord .
It is an appletalk daemon whose data structures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes. You also make sure that atalkd has not started in the background before it starts running.

* '''Snddetect''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects an unknown sound card.

* '''Wacom''' - Runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.Is is an input device driver for wacom devices, it functions as a pointer input device. It is useful to define multiplke devices with diferent active zones various entries are supported by wacom but the most important entry or the most general entry is the OPtion "Type" entry because it sets the type of tool the device represents, which could be stylus,eraser,cursor,pad or touch.Note the tool can represent more than one device. There are other options that come with wacom for pcbsd such as "device", "forceDrive","suppress" etc, it only depends on what tool we are looking at.

'''End of Initialization'''

The initialization of PC-BSD is complete after all the thirty two shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been initialized. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop which reads through and runs all the startup scripts. Initialization is complete when the loop is over. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T01:29:35Z

Todetoyi: /* Initialization */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses lots of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less"to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look forward or backward in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Package can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Package can be delete by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized by alphabet of package categories like the following picture.

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for desktop user, and there is utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, like this picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give user simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also a very useful utility to find desired software and install them by clicking a specific link. Remove a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

After made decision, it can downloaded the software by clicking the download link. And it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

There are many packages to choose, part of catalog information can be seen from the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - Netatalk is a freely-availabe open source AFP fileserver package thats helps deal with the Appletalk protocol suite and its relative. It can do file and print sharing for macintosh.It comes with small utilities that help ease dealing with macintosh files from unix. To start netatalk from boot time add these lines<ref>Initilization Netatalk in PC-BSD. http://openports.se/net/netatalk </ref>./etc/rc.local:

if [ -f ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk ]; then
. ${SYSCONFDIR}/netatalk/rc.atalk
fi
It runs after DAEMON, and it implements the following major utilities while on booting :
1)atalkd - an implementation of the AppleTalk protocol <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
2) papd - a print server that eneables macintosh computers to access printers that are connected to unix servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
3) afpd - File server that implements the Apple filing protocol, which allows clients the run MasOs to access unix file servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.

Other not so major untilities it implements are cnid_metad, timelord .
It is an appletalk daemon whose data structures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes. You also make sure that atalkd has not started in the background before it starts running.

* '''Snddetect''' - runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects if system has sound or not.

* '''Wacom''' - runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.

'''End of Initialization'''

The initialization of PC-BSD is complete after all the thirty two shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been initialized. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop which reads through and runs all the startup scripts. Initialization is complete when the loop is over. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T01:22:30Z

Todetoyi: /* Initialization */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses lots of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less"to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look forward or backward in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Package can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Package can be delete by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized by alphabet of package categories like the following picture.

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for desktop user, and there is utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, like this picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give user simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also a very useful utility to find desired software and install them by clicking a specific link. Remove a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

After made decision, it can downloaded the software by clicking the download link. And it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

There are many packages to choose, part of catalog information can be seen from the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - Netatalk is a freely-availabe open source AFP fileserver <ref>Initilization Netatalk in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/ </ref>.
It runs after DAEMON, and it implements the following major utilities while on booting :
1)atalkd - an implementation of the AppleTalk protocol <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
2) papd - a print server that eneables macintosh computers to access printers that are connected to unix servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
3) afpd - File server that implements the Apple filing protocol, which allows clients the run MasOs to access unix file servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.

Other not so major untilities it implements are cnid_metad, timelord .
It is an appletalk daemon whose data structures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes. You also make sure that atalkd has not started in the background before it starts running.

* '''Snddetect''' - runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects if system has sound or not.

* '''Wacom''' - runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.

'''End of Initialization'''

The initialization of PC-BSD is complete after all the thirty two shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been initialized. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop which reads through and runs all the startup scripts. Initialization is complete when the loop is over. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T01:18:21Z

Todetoyi: /* Initialization */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses lots of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less"to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look forward or backward in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Package can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Package can be delete by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized by alphabet of package categories like the following picture.

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for desktop user, and there is utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, like this picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give user simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also a very useful utility to find desired software and install them by clicking a specific link. Remove a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

After made decision, it can downloaded the software by clicking the download link. And it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

There are many packages to choose, part of catalog information can be seen from the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - Netatalk is a freely-availabe open source AFP fileserver <ref>Initilization Netatalk in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/ </ref>.
It runs after DAEMON, and it implements the following major utilities while on booting :
1)atalkd - an implementation of the AppleTalk protocol <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>.
2) papd - a print server that eneables macintosh computers to access printers that are connected to unix servers <ref>Netatalk functions in PC-BSD. http://netatalk.sourceforge.net/2.2/ReleaseNotes2.2.1.html </ref>..
3) afpd - File server that implements the Apple filing protocol, which allows clients the run MasOs to access unix file servers.

Other not so major untilities it implements are cnid_metad, timelord .
It is an appletalk daemon whose data structures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes. You also make sure that atalkd has not started in the background before it starts running.

* '''Snddetect''' - runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects if system has sound or not.

* '''Wacom''' - runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.

'''End of Initialization'''

In the end, the initialization of PC-BSD is done after all the shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been read and run. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop to read through and run all the startup scripts and the initialization is done with the loop is done. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T01:03:59Z

Todetoyi: /* Initialization */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses lots of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less"to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look forward or backward in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Package can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Package can be delete by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized by alphabet of package categories like the following picture.

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for desktop user, and there is utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, like this picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give user simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also a very useful utility to find desired software and install them by clicking a specific link. Remove a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

After made decision, it can downloaded the software by clicking the download link. And it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

There are many packages to choose, part of catalog information can be seen from the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - runs after DAEMON, and it provides atalkd papd cnid_metad timelord afpd.It is an appletalk daemon and its datastructures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes, also make sure that atalkd is not started has not started in the background before it starts runing.

* '''Snddetect''' - runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects if system has sound or not.

* '''Wacom''' - runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.

'''End of Initialization'''

In the end, the initialization of PC-BSD is done after all the shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been read and run. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop to read through and run all the startup scripts and the initialization is done with the loop is done. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T01:03:41Z

Todetoyi: /* Initialization */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses lots of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less"to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look forward or backward in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Package can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Package can be delete by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized by alphabet of package categories like the following picture.

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for desktop user, and there is utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, like this picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give user simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also a very useful utility to find desired software and install them by clicking a specific link. Remove a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

After made decision, it can downloaded the software by clicking the download link. And it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

There are many packages to choose, part of catalog information can be seen from the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''Pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''Gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''Oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''Netatalk''' - runs after DAEMON, and it provides atalkd papd cnid_metad timelord afpd.It is an appletalk daemon and its datastructures must have time to stabilize before running the other processes, also make sure that atalkd is not started has not started in the background before it starts runing.

* '''Snddetect''' - runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects if system has sound or not.

* '''Wacom''' - runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.

'''End of Initialization'''

In the end, the initialization of PC-BSD is done after all the shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been read and run. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop to read through and run all the startup scripts and the initialization is done with the loop is done. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>

COMP 3000 2011 Report II:PC-BSD

2011-12-16T00:59:23Z

Todetoyi: /* Initialization */

= Part II =

== Software Packaging ==
=== Package Format and Utilities ===
PC-BSD's package management system takes a different approach to installing software than many other Unix-like operating systems. Instead of using the FreeBSD ports<ref>FreeBSD ports http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD_ports Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref> tree directly, PC-BSD uses files with the .pbi<ref>PBI Package Management. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/package-management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> file-name extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. PBI (PC-BSD Installer or Push-Button Installer) is Binary Packaging format. This distribution uses lots of graphic utilities<ref>PC-BSD Utilities. http://www.pcbsd.org/about/pc-bsd-project/utilities Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> to supply a front-end to useful FreeBSD features, such as Software Management Utility, Virtual Environment Utility, Backup Utility, Ports Jails Utility and so on. In the distribution, the package management relies on pkg tool, which is also used in FreeBSD, and Software Manager.

=== List Installed Packages ===
In command line, it will use "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | less"to get a list of installed packages. The first command will print the whole list of packages at once, while the second one will print the first page of the package list and you can use keyboard to look forward or backward in the list.

=== Add and Remove Packages ===
"pkg_add" is for installing packages, and "pkg_delete" is for removing packages. In PC-BSD 9.0, it will use PBI manager<ref>PBI Manager. http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PBI_Manager Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref>, which will use "pbi_info", "pbi_add", "pbi_delete" instead. Package can be added by using "pkg_add -r -v {pacakge-name}" or "pbi_add -r PBINAME":
# pkg_add -v -r vim or # pbi_add -r alpine
We can also set the environment variable PACKAGEROOT to specify an alternate location for pkg_add to fetch from:
# export PACKAGEROOT=ftp://ftp3.FreeBSD.org
# pkg_add -v -r vim

Package can be delete by using "pkg_delete {package-name}" or "pbi_delete {package-name}". Package name and version can be found by "pkg_info" or "pbi_info":
# pkg_info | grep ntop or # pbi_info | grep ntop
# ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # ntop-4.0.1_1-i386
# pkg_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386 # pbi_delete ntop-4.0.1_1-i386

=== Software Catelog ===
The PC-BSD repository<ref>Package Management in PC-BSD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD#Package_management Retrieved Nov 16, 2011</ref> is http://www.pbidir.com/. The software catalog is organized by alphabet of package categories like the following picture.

[[File:software_catalog.png|300px]]

=== Software Management ===
PC-BSD offers many graphic tools for desktop user, and there is utility called Software Management (in PC-BSD version 8.2), which can get a list of installed packages, only the packages installed after system installations will be displayed, like this picture:

[[File:software_management.png|300px]]

PC-BSD aims to give user simple experience of installing or removing packages, like software management in Windows or Mac OS. Software Manager is also a very useful utility to find desired software and install them by clicking a specific link. Remove a package is also a simple mouse-click operation. There is a software browser inside the Software Manager and a search engine for package searching and different catalogs for selections.

[[File:software_browser.png|300px]]

After made decision, it can downloaded the software by clicking the download link. And it will automatically download and install the packages/software.

[[File:install_software.png|300px]]

There is also a remove button under "Installed Software" menu. Simply choose the package you want to remove, and click "remove".

The software catalog for this distribution can be found in the Software Browser of Software Manager. There are many selections: Archives, Astronomy, Audio, Benchmarks, Biology, CAD, Communications, Databases, Desktop Utilities, Development, E-Mail, Editors, Educational, Emulators, File Transfer & Utilities, Finance, Games, Graphics, IRC, Japanese, Java, Languages, Math, Miscellaneous, Multimedia, Network-IM, Network-Management, Network-P2P, Network-Utilities, News, Non-Port, Polish, Ports-Management, Print, Science, Security, Shells, System Utilities, Text Processing, The Warden-Inmates, Web, X11, X11-File Managers and X11-Window Managers.

There are many packages to choose, part of catalog information can be seen from the previous picture.

== Major package versions ==

The package version information can be found by using command "pkg_info" or "pkg_info | grep {package_name}". More information about the specific package version could be found through Internet. Here are version numbers, release date, and upstream source of various major packages in PC-BSD:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Version
! Latest Official Release
! Official Source
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| 8.2-RELEASE Feb 24, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| 9.0-RELEASE Sep, 2011 <ref>FreeBSD Release Engineering Information http://www.freebsd.org/releng/ Retrieved Dec 7, 2011</ref>
| http://www.freebsd.org/where.html
|-
| X.org
| 7.5 Oct 26, 2009 <ref>X.org 7.5 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 7.6 Dec 20, 2010 <ref>X.org 7.6 release notes. http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.6 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.x.org/wiki/
|-
| Qt
| 4.7.1 Nov 9, 2010 <ref>Qt 4.7.1 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/11/09/qt-4-7-1-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.4 Sep 1, 2011 <ref>Qt 4.7.4 release notes. http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/09/01/qt-4-7-4-released/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://qt.nokia.com/
|-
| GTK+
| 2.22.1, Nov 15, 2010 <ref>GTK+ 2.22.1 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/ftp-release-list/2010-November/msg00145.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.24.8, Nov 10, 2011 <ref>GTK+ 2.24.8 overview. http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gtk-devel-list/2011-November/msg00026.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/
|-
| bash
| 4.1.9 March, 2010 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.1.9. ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1-patches/bash41-009 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.2.10 April, 2011 <ref>BASH PATH REPORT 4.2.10. ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-4.2-patches/bash42-010 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/
|-
| pth
| 2.0.7 Jun 8, 2006 <ref>GNU Portable Thread. http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| current is the latest
| http://www.gnu.org/s/pth/
|-
| rpm
| 3.0.6 15 Sep 15, 2000 <ref>RPM 3.0.6 release. http://www.redhat.com/archives/rpm-list/2000-September/msg00101.html Retrieved Dec 7, 2000</ref>
| 4.9.1.2 Sep 29, 2011 <ref>RPM 4.9.1.2 release. </ref>
| http://www.rpm.org/
|-
| ruby
| 1.8.7 June 1, 2008
| 1.9.3 Oct 30, 2011 <ref>Ruby News. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/feeds/news.rss Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/05/31/ruby-1-8-7-has-been-released/
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| 4.5.5 Jan 4, 2011 <ref>KDE 4.5 Release Schedule. http://techbase.kde.org/Schedules/KDE4/4.5_Release_Schedule#January_4th.2C_2011:_Release_KDE_SC_4.5.5 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3 Nov, 2011 <ref>KDE Release News. http://www.kubuntu.org/news/by-date/201111 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://kde.org/info/4.5.5.php
|-
| Gwenview
| 1.2.92 Aug 21, 2005 <ref>gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk RPM for i586 http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 4.7.3, Oct 28, 2011 <ref>Gwenview Release list. ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/stable/latest/src/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/sourceforge/g/project/gw/gwenview/gwenview/1.2.92/gwenview-1.2.92-0.1.101mdk.i586.html
|-
| amarok
| 2.3.2 Sep 20, 2010 <ref>Amarok 2.3.2 Release News http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2 Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| 2.5 Nov 6, 2011 <ref>Amarok Home. http://amarok.kde.org/ Retrieved Dec 5, 2011</ref>
| http://amarok.kde.org/en/releases/2.3.2
|}
 

'''Major Difference and Purpose'''

PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, but PC-BSD is for desktop use and FreeBSD is for server use. They are generally similar but there are still some differences. PC-BSD has added some utilities or kernel tweaks or GUI to make PC-BSD suitable for desktop use. For the KDE part, the author just use the one in FreeBSD, so there is no modification in the KDE packages. Therefore the major modification is the kernel. The difference between PC-BSD and FreeBSD can be found [http://www.spreadbsd.org/?q=pcbsd here]. The purposes of the packages are shown below:

{| border="1"
! Package
! Purpose of Using This Package
|-
| FreeBSD Kernel
| FreeBSD is known widely for its stability and security in server environment, so it can provide excellent base for PC-BSD. PC-BSD’s kernel has been recompiled with some configuration tweaks to make it better for desktop use. PC-BSD supports all the major package management systems that in FreeBSD but also has PBI package installer.
|-
| X.org
| Xorg supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the xorg.conf configuration file, auto-detection, and fallback defaults. In PC-BSD, it completes distribution meta-port
|-
| Qt
| Qt SDK combines the Qt framework with tools designed to streamline the creation of applications for Symbian and Maemo, MeeGo (Nokia N9) as well as desktop platforms, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PC-BSD needs that platform.
|-
| GTK+
| Gimp toolkit for X11 GUI. It is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces, which is PC-BSD's need.
|-
| bash
| The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell. Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, that will appear in the GNU operating system.
|-
| pth
| Pth is a very portable POSIX/ANSI-C based library for Unix platforms which provides non-preemptive priority-based scheduling for multiple threads of execution inside event-driven applications. PC-BSD want to give user better experience in desktop environment like Windows or Mac OS, and multi-thread is needed.
|-
| rpm
| It is the Red Hat Package Manager. There is rpm package in PC-BSD means the system need to manage Linux packages. It is consist with its goal to be compatible with Linux. The reason why the version is far behind with the latest version is it is enough for basic Linux package management.
|-
| ruby
| A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. Most Unix/Linux distribution will use that, so do PC-BSD. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.
|-
| KDE(Konqueror web browser and KMail)
| KDE offers a full suite of user workspace applications which allow interaction with these operating systems in a modern, graphical user interface. PC-BSD need nice GUI and Utilities to provide user a good desktop experience, so KDE is a good choice.
|-
| Gwenview
| Gwenview is part of the kdegraphics module. Gwenview is a fast and easy to use image viewer/browser for KDE. PC-BSD use KDE for better user experience. Gwenview is inside KDE.
|-
| amarok
| Media Player for KDE4. PC-BSD want to provide service for daily uses. Multimedia offers us music and movie needs so that a media player like amarok will be a necessary utility.
|}
 

== Initialization ==

'''Start Initialization'''

Because PC-BSD is based on FreeBSD, the initialization will be BSD-style[1]. The init runs the initialization shell script located in /etc/rc.d, then launches a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys. There are no runlevels in PC-BSD. The script file, /etc/rc, determines what programs are run by init. The configuration is read from the master configuration file /etc/rc.conf. When checked the /etc/rc.conf file, we can find that the local startup scripts are on /usr/local/etc/rc.d and /Program/rc.d.

'''Major Programs'''

* '''ffserver''' - It is a streaming server for both audio and video which supports several live feeds, from files and time shifting on live feed.FFserver runs in daemon mode by default meaning it outs it outs itself in the background and detaches from it TTY, except launched in debug mode. It is Initialized thus - ffserver [options].
To configure, type the command ffserver ./configure and to disable, type the command ffserver ./n, this enables the no launch mode of the ffserver <ref>Initilization Manual page in PC-BSD. http://linux.die.net/man/1/ffserver </ref>

* '''fusefs''' - It runs after syscall but before mountlate is running.It is used to implement a fully functional filesystem in a userspace program, one important feature is its API library. To enable or disable fusefs, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf.local, fusefs_enable (bool) : Set to NO to disable or set to yes to enable fusefs. The filesystem works when the fuse kernel module and the fuse library communicate through a special file descriptor which is obtained by opening /dev/fuse. This file can be opened multiple times, and the obtained file descriptor is passed to the mount syscall, to match up the descriptor with the mounted filesystem.

* '''pcbsdinit''' - runs after DAEMON runs and it starts the system scripts.It is the last stage of the boot process which usually runs in automatic reboot sequence.It is a really important part of the boot operation such that if it dies, the system will reboot itself automatically

* '''gpsd''' - runs after networking DAEMON, cleanvar, devfs runs and runs before ntpd, and it is an interface daemon for GPS receivers.It collects information from gpses, differential -GPS radios or AIS receivers attached to the host machine.Each GPS should be connected to the host via sub or R232C serial device, so to disable we take out the device.

* '''oss''' - Runs after DAEMON, and it handles the sound system.It is the open sound system which provides support for PCM audio play and capture. Varoius systcall variables are stored in /etc/systcl.conf so it is automatically set during boot process.

* '''netatalk''' - runs after DAEMON, and it provides atalkd papd cnid_metad timelord afpd,

* '''snddetect''' - runs after DAEMON, and it provides sound detect. It first removes sound flag then detects if system has sound or not.

* '''wacom''' - runs after filesystem, and it offers setup and cleanup to configure Xorg for use of the driver or remove the configuration settings.

'''End of Initialization'''

In the end, the initialization of PC-BSD is done after all the shell scripts from /etc/rc.d have been read and run. The /etc/rc script describes how system startup scripts run by init. There is loop to read through and run all the startup scripts and the initialization is done with the loop is done. Then all the processes end up running on this fully initialized system.

== Reference ==
<references/>